Medical thermography: a diagnostic approach for type 2 diabetes based on non-contact infrared thermal imaging

Short summary of the thermography research

This study aimed to evaluate the potential of infrared (IR) thermography as a diagnostic and predictive tool for type 2 diabetes and its complications compared to the standard biochemical assay of HbA1c. They studied a group of 62 subjects, including 30 with diabetes and 32 without (control group). Using IR cameras, thermal images of the skin were captured to diagnose the disease. The researchers used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to set temperature thresholds for statistically significant body regions. They found that in the diabetic group, HbA1c negatively correlated with the carotid region, and the mean skin temperature was lower than in the normal group at specific body regions, such as the knee, tibia, forehead, and palm. The palm region showed the highest accuracy in detecting undiagnosed diabetes, with a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 56%. As HbA1c increased, skin temperature decreased, indicating that thermography could be an early indicator of diabetes compared to HbA1c. The decrease in skin temperature might be attributed to a lower basal metabolic rate, poor blood perfusion, and high insulin resistance. Thermography has the potential to be a diagnostic and prognostic tool for diabetes.

Sivanandam, S., Anburajan, M., Venkatraman, B., Menaka, M., & Sharath, D. (2012). Medical thermography: a diagnostic approach for type 2 diabetes based on non-contact infrared thermal imaging. Endocrine42(2), 343–351. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-012-9645-8
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